====== ffmpeg - Rotate Videos ======
===== Software Encoding =====
ffmpeg -i in.mov -vf "transpose=1" out.mov
**NOTE:** This will re-encode the audio and video parts.
* You can usually copy the audio without touching it, by using **-c:a copy**.
* To change the video quality, set the bitrate (for example with **-b:v 1M**) or have a look at the H.264 encoding guide if you want VBR options.
For the transpose parameter you can pass:
* 0 = 90CounterCLockwise and Vertical Flip (default)
* 1 = 90Clockwise
* 2 = 90CounterClockwise
* 3 = 90Clockwise and Vertical Flip
Use **-vf "transpose=2,transpose=2"** for 180 degrees.
----
If you don't want to re-encode your video AND your player can handle rotation metadata you can just change the rotation in the metadata using ffmpeg:
ffmpeg -i input.m4v -metadata:s:v rotate="90" -codec copy output.m4v
Check the rotate metadata first with:
ffmpeg -i input.m4v 2>&1 | grep rotate
----
To rotate the picture clockwise you can use the rotate filter, indicating a positive angle in radians. With 90 degrees equating with PI/2, you can do it like so:
ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -vf "rotate=PI/2" out.mp4
for counter-clockwise the angle must be negative
ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -vf "rotate=-PI/2" out.mp4
It is possible to get finer-grained resolution of radians, because * behaves as multiplication:
ffmpeg -i in.avi -vf "rotate=-8*PI/40" -q 1 out.avi
(slightly less rotation than -PI/4 = -10*PI/40
----
===== Determine filters supported by ffmpeg =====
Other filters that can be used.
ffmpeg -filters
returns:
...
Filters:
T.. = Timeline support
.S. = Slice threading
..C = Command support
A = Audio input/output
V = Video input/output
N = Dynamic number and/or type of input/output
| = Source or sink filter
... abench A->A Benchmark part of a filtergraph.
... acompressor A->A Audio compressor.
... acontrast A->A Simple audio dynamic range compression/expansion filter.
... acopy A->A Copy the input audio unchanged to the output.
... acue A->A Delay filtering to match a cue.
... acrossfade AA->A Cross fade two input audio streams.
... acrossover A->N Split audio into per-bands streams.
... acrusher A->A Reduce audio bit resolution.
.S. adeclick A->A Remove impulsive noise from input audio.
.S. adeclip A->A Remove clipping from input audio.
T.. adelay A->A Delay one or more audio channels.
... aderivative A->A Compute derivative of input audio.
... aecho A->A Add echoing to the audio.
... aemphasis A->A Audio emphasis.
... aeval A->A Filter audio signal according to a specified expression.
T.. afade A->A Fade in/out input audio.
TSC afftdn A->A Denoise audio samples using FFT.
... afftfilt A->A Apply arbitrary expressions to samples in frequency domain.
.S. afir AA->N Apply Finite Impulse Response filter with supplied coefficients in 2nd stream.
... aformat A->A Convert the input audio to one of the specified formats.
... agate A->A Audio gate.
.S. aiir A->N Apply Infinite Impulse Response filter with supplied coefficients.
... aintegral A->A Compute integral of input audio.
... ainterleave N->A Temporally interleave audio inputs.
... alimiter A->A Audio lookahead limiter.
TSC allpass A->A Apply a two-pole all-pass filter.
... aloop A->A Loop audio samples.
... amerge N->A Merge two or more audio streams into a single multi-channel stream.
T.. ametadata A->A Manipulate audio frame metadata.
... amix N->A Audio mixing.
... amultiply AA->A Multiply two audio streams.
..C anequalizer A->N Apply high-order audio parametric multi band equalizer.
TSC anlmdn A->A Reduce broadband noise from stream using Non-Local Means.
... anull A->A Pass the source unchanged to the output.
T.. apad A->A Pad audio with silence.
... aperms A->A Set permissions for the output audio frame.
... aphaser A->A Add a phasing effect to the audio.
... apulsator A->A Audio pulsator.
... arealtime A->A Slow down filtering to match realtime.
... aresample A->A Resample audio data.
... areverse A->A Reverse an audio clip.
... aselect A->N Select audio frames to pass in output.
... asendcmd A->A Send commands to filters.
... asetnsamples A->A Set the number of samples for each output audio frames.
... asetpts A->A Set PTS for the output audio frame.
... asetrate A->A Change the sample rate without altering the data.
... asettb A->A Set timebase for the audio output link.
... ashowinfo A->A Show textual information for each audio frame.
T.. asidedata A->A Manipulate audio frame side data.
T.. asoftclip A->A Audio Soft Clipper.
... asplit A->N Pass on the audio input to N audio outputs.
... astats A->A Show time domain statistics about audio frames.
..C astreamselect N->N Select audio streams
..C atempo A->A Adjust audio tempo.
... atrim A->A Pick one continuous section from the input, drop the rest.
... azmq A->A Receive commands through ZMQ and broker them to filters.
TSC bandpass A->A Apply a two-pole Butterworth band-pass filter.
TSC bandreject A->A Apply a two-pole Butterworth band-reject filter.
TSC bass A->A Boost or cut lower frequencies.
TSC biquad A->A Apply a biquad IIR filter with the given coefficients.
... bs2b A->A Bauer stereo-to-binaural filter.
... channelmap A->A Remap audio channels.
... channelsplit A->N Split audio into per-channel streams.
... chorus A->A Add a chorus effect to the audio.
... compand A->A Compress or expand audio dynamic range.
... compensationdelay A->A Audio Compensation Delay Line.
T.. crossfeed A->A Apply headphone crossfeed filter.
... crystalizer A->A Simple expand audio dynamic range filter.
T.. dcshift A->A Apply a DC shift to the audio.
T.. deesser A->A Apply de-essing to the audio.
... drmeter A->A Measure audio dynamic range.
T.. dynaudnorm A->A Dynamic Audio Normalizer.
... earwax A->A Widen the stereo image.
... ebur128 A->N EBU R128 scanner.
TSC equalizer A->A Apply two-pole peaking equalization (EQ) filter.
T.. extrastereo A->A Increase difference between stereo audio channels.
..C firequalizer A->A Finite Impulse Response Equalizer.
... flanger A->A Apply a flanging effect to the audio.
... haas A->A Apply Haas Stereo Enhancer.
... hdcd A->A Apply High Definition Compatible Digital (HDCD) decoding.
.S. headphone N->A Apply headphone binaural spatialization with HRTFs in additional streams.
TSC highpass A->A Apply a high-pass filter with 3dB point frequency.
TSC highshelf A->A Apply a high shelf filter.
... join N->A Join multiple audio streams into multi-channel output.
..C ladspa N->A Apply LADSPA effect.
... loudnorm A->A EBU R128 loudness normalization
TSC lowpass A->A Apply a low-pass filter with 3dB point frequency.
TSC lowshelf A->A Apply a low shelf filter.
... lv2 N->A Apply LV2 effect.
... mcompand A->A Multiband Compress or expand audio dynamic range.
... pan A->A Remix channels with coefficients (panning).
... replaygain A->A ReplayGain scanner.
..C rubberband A->A Apply time-stretching and pitch-shifting.
... sidechaincompress AA->A Sidechain compressor.
... sidechaingate AA->A Audio sidechain gate.
... silencedetect A->A Detect silence.
... silenceremove A->A Remove silence.
.S. sofalizer A->A SOFAlizer (Spatially Oriented Format for Acoustics).
... stereotools A->A Apply various stereo tools.
T.. stereowiden A->A Apply stereo widening effect.
... superequalizer A->A Apply 18 band equalization filter.
.S. surround A->A Apply audio surround upmix filter.
TSC treble A->A Boost or cut upper frequencies.
... tremolo A->A Apply tremolo effect.
... vibrato A->A Apply vibrato effect.
T.C volume A->A Change input volume.
... volumedetect A->A Detect audio volume.
... aevalsrc |->A Generate an audio signal generated by an expression.
... anoisesrc |->A Generate a noise audio signal.
... anullsrc |->A Null audio source, return empty audio frames.
... flite |->A Synthesize voice from text using libflite.
... hilbert |->A Generate a Hilbert transform FIR coefficients.
... sinc |->A Generate a sinc kaiser-windowed low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, or band-reject FIR coefficients.
... sine |->A Generate sine wave audio signal.
... anullsink A->| Do absolutely nothing with the input audio.
... alphaextract V->N Extract an alpha channel as a grayscale image component.
... alphamerge VV->V Copy the luma value of the second input into the alpha channel of the first input.
.S. amplify V->V Amplify changes between successive video frames.
... ass V->V Render ASS subtitles onto input video using the libass library.
TS. atadenoise V->V Apply an Adaptive Temporal Averaging Denoiser.
TS. avgblur V->V Apply Average Blur filter.
T.. bbox V->V Compute bounding box for each frame.
... bench V->V Benchmark part of a filtergraph.
T.. bitplanenoise V->V Measure bit plane noise.
... blackdetect V->V Detect video intervals that are (almost) black.
... blackframe V->V Detect frames that are (almost) black.
TS. blend VV->V Blend two video frames into each other.
TS. bm3d N->V Block-Matching 3D denoiser.
T.. boxblur V->V Blur the input.
TS. bwdif V->V Deinterlace the input image.
TS. chromahold V->V Turns a certain color range into gray.
TS. chromakey V->V Turns a certain color into transparency. Operates on YUV colors.
TS. chromashift V->V Shift chroma.
... ciescope V->V Video CIE scope.
T.. codecview V->V Visualize information about some codecs.
TS. colorbalance V->V Adjust the color balance.
TS. colorchannelmixer V->V Adjust colors by mixing color channels.
TS. colorkey V->V Turns a certain color into transparency. Operates on RGB colors.
TS. colorhold V->V Turns a certain color range into gray. Operates on RGB colors.
TS. colorlevels V->V Adjust the color levels.
TS. colormatrix V->V Convert color matrix.
TS. colorspace V->V Convert between colorspaces.
TS. convolution V->V Apply convolution filter.
TS. convolve VV->V Convolve first video stream with second video stream.
... copy V->V Copy the input video unchanged to the output.
... cover_rect V->V Find and cover a user specified object.
..C crop V->V Crop the input video.
T.. cropdetect V->V Auto-detect crop size.
... cue V->V Delay filtering to match a cue.
TS. curves V->V Adjust components curves.
.S. datascope V->V Video data analysis.
TS. dctdnoiz V->V Denoise frames using 2D DCT.
TS. deband V->V Debands video.
T.. deblock V->V Deblock video.
... decimate N->V Decimate frames (post field matching filter).
TS. deconvolve VV->V Deconvolve first video stream with second video stream.
TS. dedot V->V Reduce cross-luminance and cross-color.
TS. deflate V->V Apply deflate effect.
... deflicker V->V Remove temporal frame luminance variations.
... deinterlace_vaapi V->V Deinterlacing of VAAPI surfaces
... dejudder V->V Remove judder produced by pullup.
T.. delogo V->V Remove logo from input video.
... denoise_vaapi V->V VAAPI VPP for de-noise
T.. derain V->V Apply derain filter to the input.
... deshake V->V Stabilize shaky video.
TS. despill V->V Despill video.
... detelecine V->V Apply an inverse telecine pattern.
TS. dilation V->V Apply dilation effect.
T.. displace VVV->V Displace pixels.
... doubleweave V->V Weave input video fields into double number of frames.
T.. drawbox V->V Draw a colored box on the input video.
... drawgraph V->V Draw a graph using input video metadata.
T.. drawgrid V->V Draw a colored grid on the input video.
T.C drawtext V->V Draw text on top of video frames using libfreetype library.
T.. edgedetect V->V Detect and draw edge.
... elbg V->V Apply posterize effect, using the ELBG algorithm.
T.. entropy V->V Measure video frames entropy.
T.C eq V->V Adjust brightness, contrast, gamma, and saturation.
TS. erosion V->V Apply erosion effect.
... extractplanes V->N Extract planes as grayscale frames.
.S. fade V->V Fade in/out input video.
T.. fftdnoiz V->V Denoise frames using 3D FFT.
T.. fftfilt V->V Apply arbitrary expressions to pixels in frequency domain.
... field V->V Extract a field from the input video.
... fieldhint V->V Field matching using hints.
... fieldmatch N->V Field matching for inverse telecine.
T.. fieldorder V->V Set the field order.
T.. fillborders V->V Fill borders of the input video.
... find_rect V->V Find a user specified object.
T.. floodfill V->V Fill area with same color with another color.
... format V->V Convert the input video to one of the specified pixel formats.
... fps V->V Force constant framerate.
... framepack VV->V Generate a frame packed stereoscopic video.
.S. framerate V->V Upsamples or downsamples progressive source between specified frame rates.
T.. framestep V->V Select one frame every N frames.
... freezedetect V->V Detects frozen video input.
... frei0r V->V Apply a frei0r effect.
T.. fspp V->V Apply Fast Simple Post-processing filter.
TS. gblur V->V Apply Gaussian Blur filter.
TS. geq V->V Apply generic equation to each pixel.
T.. gradfun V->V Debands video quickly using gradients.
... graphmonitor V->V Show various filtergraph stats.
TS. greyedge V->V Estimates scene illumination by grey edge assumption.
TS. haldclut VV->V Adjust colors using a Hald CLUT.
TS. hflip V->V Horizontally flip the input video.
T.. histeq V->V Apply global color histogram equalization.
... histogram V->V Compute and draw a histogram.
T.. hqdn3d V->V Apply a High Quality 3D Denoiser.
.S. hqx V->V Scale the input by 2, 3 or 4 using the hq*x magnification algorithm.
... hstack N->V Stack video inputs horizontally.
T.C hue V->V Adjust the hue and saturation of the input video.
... hwdownload V->V Download a hardware frame to a normal frame
... hwmap V->V Map hardware frames
... hwupload V->V Upload a normal frame to a hardware frame
T.. hysteresis VV->V Grow first stream into second stream by connecting components.
... idet V->V Interlace detect Filter.
T.. il V->V Deinterleave or interleave fields.
TS. inflate V->V Apply inflate effect.
... interlace V->V Convert progressive video into interlaced.
... interleave N->V Temporally interleave video inputs.
... kerndeint V->V Apply kernel deinterlacing to the input.
.S. lagfun V->V Slowly update darker pixels.
.S. lenscorrection V->V Rectify the image by correcting for lens distortion.
TS. limiter V->V Limit pixels components to the specified range.
... loop V->V Loop video frames.
TS. lumakey V->V Turns a certain luma into transparency.
TS. lut V->V Compute and apply a lookup table to the RGB/YUV input video.
TS. lut1d V->V Adjust colors using a 1D LUT.
TS. lut2 VV->V Compute and apply a lookup table from two video inputs.
TS. lut3d V->V Adjust colors using a 3D LUT.
TS. lutrgb V->V Compute and apply a lookup table to the RGB input video.
TS. lutyuv V->V Compute and apply a lookup table to the YUV input video.
TS. maskedclamp VVV->V Clamp first stream with second stream and third stream.
TS. maskedmerge VVV->V Merge first stream with second stream using third stream as mask.
TS. maskfun V->V Create Mask.
... mcdeint V->V Apply motion compensating deinterlacing.
... mergeplanes N->V Merge planes.
... mestimate V->V Generate motion vectors.
T.. metadata V->V Manipulate video frame metadata.
T.. midequalizer VV->V Apply Midway Equalization.
... minterpolate V->V Frame rate conversion using Motion Interpolation.
.S. mix N->V Mix video inputs.
... mpdecimate V->V Remove near-duplicate frames.
TS. negate V->V Negate input video.
TS. nlmeans V->V Non-local means denoiser.
T.. nnedi V->V Apply neural network edge directed interpolation intra-only deinterlacer.
... noformat V->V Force libavfilter not to use any of the specified pixel formats for the input to the next filter.
TS. noise V->V Add noise.
T.. normalize V->V Normalize RGB video.
... null V->V Pass the source unchanged to the output.
T.. oscilloscope V->V 2D Video Oscilloscope.
TSC overlay VV->V Overlay a video source on top of the input.
T.. owdenoise V->V Denoise using wavelets.
... pad V->V Pad the input video.
... palettegen V->V Find the optimal palette for a given stream.
... paletteuse VV->V Use a palette to downsample an input video stream.
... perms V->V Set permissions for the output video frame.
TS. perspective V->V Correct the perspective of video.
T.. phase V->V Phase shift fields.
... pixdesctest V->V Test pixel format definitions.
T.. pixscope V->V Pixel data analysis.
T.C pp V->V Filter video using libpostproc.
T.. pp7 V->V Apply Postprocessing 7 filter.
TS. premultiply N->V PreMultiply first stream with first plane of second stream.
TS. prewitt V->V Apply prewitt operator.
... procamp_vaapi V->V ProcAmp (color balance) adjustments for hue, saturation, brightness, contrast
T.. pseudocolor V->V Make pseudocolored video frames.
... psnr VV->V Calculate the PSNR between two video streams.
... pullup V->V Pullup from field sequence to frames.
T.. qp V->V Change video quantization parameters.
... random V->V Return random frames.
T.. readeia608 V->V Read EIA-608 Closed Caption codes from input video and write them to frame metadata.
... readvitc V->V Read vertical interval timecode and write it to frame metadata.
... realtime V->V Slow down filtering to match realtime.
TS. remap VVV->V Remap pixels.
TS. removegrain V->V Remove grain.
T.. removelogo V->V Remove a TV logo based on a mask image.
... repeatfields V->V Hard repeat fields based on MPEG repeat field flag.
... reverse V->V Reverse a clip.
TS. rgbashift V->V Shift RGBA.
TS. roberts V->V Apply roberts cross operator.
TSC rotate V->V Rotate the input image.
T.. sab V->V Apply shape adaptive blur.
..C scale V->V Scale the input video size and/or convert the image format.
... scale_vaapi V->V Scale to/from VAAPI surfaces.
..C scale2ref VV->VV Scale the input video size and/or convert the image format to the given reference.
... select V->N Select video frames to pass in output.
TS. selectivecolor V->V Apply CMYK adjustments to specific color ranges.
... sendcmd V->V Send commands to filters.
... separatefields V->V Split input video frames into fields.
... setdar V->V Set the frame display aspect ratio.
... setfield V->V Force field for the output video frame.
... setparams V->V Force field, or color property for the output video frame.
... setpts V->V Set PTS for the output video frame.
... setrange V->V Force color range for the output video frame.
... setsar V->V Set the pixel sample aspect ratio.
... settb V->V Set timebase for the video output link.
... sharpness_vaapi V->V VAAPI VPP for sharpness
... showinfo V->V Show textual information for each video frame.
T.. showpalette V->V Display frame palette.
T.. shuffleframes V->V Shuffle video frames.
T.. shuffleplanes V->V Shuffle video planes.
T.. sidedata V->V Manipulate video frame side data.
.S. signalstats V->V Generate statistics from video analysis.
... signature N->V Calculate the MPEG-7 video signature
T.. smartblur V->V Blur the input video without impacting the outlines.
TS. sobel V->V Apply sobel operator.
... split V->N Pass on the input to N video outputs.
T.C spp V->V Apply a simple post processing filter.
T.. sr V->V Apply DNN-based image super resolution to the input.
... ssim VV->V Calculate the SSIM between two video streams.
.S. stereo3d V->V Convert video stereoscopic 3D view.
..C streamselect N->N Select video streams
... subtitles V->V Render text subtitles onto input video using the libass library.
... super2xsai V->V Scale the input by 2x using the Super2xSaI pixel art algorithm.
T.. swaprect V->V Swap 2 rectangular objects in video.
T.. swapuv V->V Swap U and V components.
TS. tblend V->V Blend successive frames.
... telecine V->V Apply a telecine pattern.
TS. threshold VVVV->V Threshold first video stream using other video streams.
... thumbnail V->V Select the most representative frame in a given sequence of consecutive frames.
... tile V->V Tile several successive frames together.
... tinterlace V->V Perform temporal field interlacing.
TS. tlut2 V->V Compute and apply a lookup table from two successive frames.
TS. tmix V->V Mix successive video frames.
.S. tonemap V->V Conversion to/from different dynamic ranges.
... tpad V->V Temporarily pad video frames.
.S. transpose V->V Transpose input video.
... transpose_vaapi V->V VAAPI VPP for transpose
... trim V->V Pick one continuous section from the input, drop the rest.
TS. unpremultiply N->V UnPreMultiply first stream with first plane of second stream.
TS. unsharp V->V Sharpen or blur the input video.
T.. uspp V->V Apply Ultra Simple / Slow Post-processing filter.
T.. vaguedenoiser V->V Apply a Wavelet based Denoiser.
... vectorscope V->V Video vectorscope.
T.. vflip V->V Flip the input video vertically.
... vfrdet V->V Variable frame rate detect filter.
TS. vibrance V->V Boost or alter saturation.
... vidstabdetect V->V Extract relative transformations, pass 1 of 2 for stabilization (see vidstabtransform for pass 2).
... vidstabtransform V->V Transform the frames, pass 2 of 2 for stabilization (see vidstabdetect for pass 1).
T.. vignette V->V Make or reverse a vignette effect.
... vmafmotion V->V Calculate the VMAF Motion score.
... vstack N->V Stack video inputs vertically.
TS. w3fdif V->V Apply Martin Weston three field deinterlace.
.S. waveform V->V Video waveform monitor.
... weave V->V Weave input video fields into frames.
.S. xbr V->V Scale the input using xBR algorithm.
.S. xmedian N->V Pick median pixels from several video inputs.
... xstack N->V Stack video inputs into custom layout.
TS. yadif V->V Deinterlace the input image.
... zmq V->V Receive commands through ZMQ and broker them to filters.
... zoompan V->V Apply Zoom & Pan effect.
... allrgb |->V Generate all RGB colors.
... allyuv |->V Generate all yuv colors.
... cellauto |->V Create pattern generated by an elementary cellular automaton.
..C color |->V Provide an uniformly colored input.
... frei0r_src |->V Generate a frei0r source.
... haldclutsrc |->V Provide an identity Hald CLUT.
... life |->V Create life.
... mandelbrot |->V Render a Mandelbrot fractal.
... mptestsrc |->V Generate various test pattern.
... nullsrc |->V Null video source, return unprocessed video frames.
... pal75bars |->V Generate PAL 75% color bars.
... pal100bars |->V Generate PAL 100% color bars.
... rgbtestsrc |->V Generate RGB test pattern.
... smptebars |->V Generate SMPTE color bars.
... smptehdbars |->V Generate SMPTE HD color bars.
... testsrc |->V Generate test pattern.
... testsrc2 |->V Generate another test pattern.
... yuvtestsrc |->V Generate YUV test pattern.
... nullsink V->| Do absolutely nothing with the input video.
... abitscope A->V Convert input audio to audio bit scope video output.
... adrawgraph A->V Draw a graph using input audio metadata.
... agraphmonitor A->V Show various filtergraph stats.
... ahistogram A->V Convert input audio to histogram video output.
... aphasemeter A->N Convert input audio to phase meter video output.
... avectorscope A->V Convert input audio to vectorscope video output.
..C concat N->N Concatenate audio and video streams.
... showcqt A->V Convert input audio to a CQT (Constant/Clamped Q Transform) spectrum video output.
... showfreqs A->V Convert input audio to a frequencies video output.
.S. showspatial A->V Convert input audio to a spatial video output.
.S. showspectrum A->V Convert input audio to a spectrum video output.
.S. showspectrumpic A->V Convert input audio to a spectrum video output single picture.
... showvolume A->V Convert input audio volume to video output.
... showwaves A->V Convert input audio to a video output.
... showwavespic A->V Convert input audio to a video output single picture.
... spectrumsynth VV->A Convert input spectrum videos to audio output.
..C amovie |->N Read audio from a movie source.
..C movie |->N Read from a movie source.
... afifo A->A Buffer input frames and send them when they are requested.
... fifo V->V Buffer input images and send them when they are requested.
... abuffer |->A Buffer audio frames, and make them accessible to the filterchain.
... buffer |->V Buffer video frames, and make them accessible to the filterchain.
... abuffersink A->| Buffer audio frames, and make them available to the end of the filter graph.
... buffersink V->| Buffer video frames, and make them available to the end of the filter graph.