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--- systems:media_server:install_ubuntu_server [2025/05/30 14:24] – peter
+++ systems:media_server:install_ubuntu_server [2025/05/31 09:48] (current) – peter
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
   * Write the ISO image for Ubuntu Server to a USB drive.
   * Boot from USB drive.
-  * Select **Ubuntu Server (minimized)** and **Search for third-party drivers**.
+  * Select **Ubuntu Server** and **Search for third-party drivers**.
   * Set a static IP.
   * Guided Storage Configuration - Select to Use the entire disk, and unselect "Set up this disk as an LVM group".
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
   * Clean up.
   * Reboot again.
-  * Install multimedia codecs.
@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 ----
-===== Install VIM =====
+===== Change the default shell to bash =====
-<code bash>
+By default, Ubuntu has Dash as the default shell.
-sudo apt install vim-nox
-</code>
-<WRAP info>
+  * Bash is preferred.
-**NOTE:**  vim-nox is the full version of vim.
+  * The reason that dash was set as the default is that dash provides faster boot times.
+  * It does not however have the full feature set offered by bash.
+  * On a modern server this speed difference in booting is negligible; and not too important as servers usually are not booted very often.
-  * Of course, different text editor such as joe or nano can be installed as well.
-</WRAP>
-----
-===== Change the default shell =====
-Go into root mode:
-<code bash>
-sudo -i
-</code>
-----
-===== Check the current default values for debconf =====
+==== Check what /bin/sh links to ====
 <code bash>
-debconf-show debconf
+ls -al /bin/sh
 </code>
@@ Line 97: / Line 82: @@
 <code>
-  debconf-apt-progress/preparing:
+lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Mar 31  2024 /bin/sh -> dash
-  debconf/frontend: Dialog
-  debconf-apt-progress/title:
-  debconf-apt-progress/info:
-  debconf/priority: high
-  debconf-apt-progress/media-change:
 </code>
 <WRAP info>
-**NOTE:**  Notice the line **debconf/frontend**.
+**NOTE:**  This shows that /bin/sh links to dash.
-  * This needs to be changed to **Noninteractive**.
 </WRAP>
 ----
-===== Change the debconf frontend to Noninteractive =====
+==== Change the Link for /bin/sh to bash ====
 <code bash>
-echo 'debconf debconf/frontend select Noninteractive' | debconf-set-selections
+sudo ln -sf bash /bin/sh
 </code>
-and recheck the debconf values:
+----
+==== Recheck what /bin/sh links to ====
 <code bash>
-debconf-show debconf
+ls -al /bin/sh
 </code>
@@ Line 129: / Line 108: @@
 <code>
-  debconf-apt-progress/preparing:
+lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 May 30 15:15 /bin/sh -> bash
-* debconf/frontend: Noninteractive
-  debconf/priority: high
-  debconf-apt-progress/media-change:
-  debconf-apt-progress/title:
-  debconf-apt-progress/info:
 </code>
 <WRAP info>
-**NOTE:** An alternative method is to set an environment variable: <code bash>export DEBIAN_FRONTEND="noninteractive"</code>
+**NOTE:**  This shows that /bin/sh now links to bash.
-</WRAP>
-----
+  * On older Ubuntu systems the following could be used, but this no longer works on new versions: <code bash>
-<code bash>
 sudo dpkg-reconfigure dash
 </code>
-When asked **Install dash as /bin/sh?** specify **No**.
+  * When asked **Install dash as /bin/sh?** specify **No**.
-<WRAP info>
-**NOTE:**  /bin/sh is a symlink to /bin/dash, however we need /bin/bash, not /bin/dash:
-  * The reason that dash was set as the default is that dash provides faster boot times.
-  * It does not however have the full feature set offered by bash.
-  * On a modern server this speed difference in booting is negligible; and not too important as servers usually are not booted very often.
 </WRAP>
-<code>
-debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
-debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 79.)
-debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
-</code>
-**NOTE:**
@@ Line 226: / Line 181: @@
 ----
-===== Install multimedia codecs =====
+==== Set the timezone ====
 <code bash>
-sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras -y
+sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
 </code>
+<WRAP info>
+**NOTE:**  Select the appropriate location.
+</WRAP>
 ----